What is Hip Replacement Surgery?
Also known as Arthroplasty, Hip Replacement is a surgical procedure wherein the diseased part of the hip joint is removed and replaced with the synthetic one. The artificial body part made up of metal is known as prosthesis and the purpose of the hip replacement surgery is to increase mobility, relieving pain and improving the function of your hip joint.
Causes of Hip Replacement
The most common reason that leads to hip replacement is Osteoarthritis, which causes damage to the hip joint. It is most often caused by wear and tear of aging. It makes the cartilage covering the hip joint useless, resulting in soreness and rigidity. Other conditions which lead to hip replacement surgery include rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, avascular necrosis, osteonecrosis (loss of the blood supply to the thigh bone) and bone tumors.
Procedure of Hip Replacement Surgery
During a traditional hip replacement surgery, which usually lasts for 1 to 2 hours, the surgeon makes a 10 to 12 inch incision is made over the side of the hip through the muscles. The muscles are detached from the hip. Once the joint surface is exposed, the surgeon takes out the diseased bone and cartilage from the hip joint. A cut shaped implant is then attached to the bone of the hip socket. A smooth plastic surface is attached to the implant to allow free movement of the joint.
Thereafter the surgeon reinstates the head of the femur and acetabulum with new artificial parts. A metal stem is inserted into the femur to a depth of about 6 inches. The stem implant is attached to the bone tissue either through cement or without cement. Thereafter a metallic ball is placed on the top of the stem. The new hip is made up of metal that allow natural sliding movement of the joint.
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